Open access publications are freely and permanently available online to anyone with an internet connection. Unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium are permitted, provided that proper attribution is given to the author(s) and source.

Accordingly, every article published in this journal is open access, meaning:

• The article is universally and freely accessible via the Internet in a readable, downloadable format.

• All publications are deposited immediately upon publication—without embargo—in at least one widely recognized open access repository, using an agreed format (currently XML with a declared DTD is preferred).

• The author(s) or copyright holder(s) irrevocably grant any third party the right, in advance and in perpetuity, to use, reproduce, or disseminate the article (in whole or in part) in any format or medium, provided that:

  • No substantive errors are introduced,

  • Proper attribution of authorship and citation details are maintained, and

  • Bibliographic information remains unchanged.

  • If only part of the article is used or disseminated, this must be clearly indicated.

Open access has received strong support from authors, who appreciate the increased visibility and citation of their work, and from academic institutions and funders, who value the societal impact of freely accessible research results.

IJCEDS is fully committed to maintaining this open access policy—both retrospectively and prospectively—even in the event of any future changes in ownership or publishing arrangements.